Madagascar

Madagascar / Republic of Madagascar is an island nation in the Indian Ocean, off the east coast of Africa. The island of Madagascar is the fourth largest island in the world. In addition to the main island, some small islands around it also claims the republic, namely the island of Juan de Nova, Europa Island, Glorioso Islands, Tromelin Island Island, and Bassas da India. Although geographically close to Africa, the history of geology, biology, and demography of Madagascar is different from the mainland continent.

Madagascar is an old land, the same as Australia, so that soil mineral scarcity of food due to the absence of volcanic activity. Most soil is red, indicating the state land that has been decaying.

As a result of hundreds of millions of years of isolation, the flora and fauna of Madagascar is very typical and many endemic species found there. More than 80% of the flora and fauna that exist in Madagascar, which could not be found anywhere else in the world. But the fourth largest forest in the world is also in danger. Forest ecosystems destroyed by logging and large-scale burning for agriculture and livestock building. Than 120,000 square meters, now the extent of living 20,000. If nothing is done to save this forest, Madagascar can be lost within 35 years.

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Everglades

Everglades is a subtropical waters in the southern U.S. state of Florida, comprising the southern half of the great watershed, and is a wet land area of ​​2.5 million hectares of pine forest covering, swamps, mangrove forests and grasslands. Everglades is also home to diverse flora and fauna, which may not be found in other areas. Like the Tigers of Florida, Bird Snail Kite and the Ghost Orchid. This system begins near Orlando with the Kissimmee River Lake Okeechobee discharge to a broad but shallow., Water leaving the lake in the wet season forms a slow moving river 60 miles (97 km) wide and more than 100 miles (160 km) long, flows into south across the limestone shelf to Florida Bay at the southern tip of the country.

But the beauty and uniqueness of the area that was in Florida, America is in danger. About 60% area of ​​waters in the Everglades has been converted to agricultural and urban areas. As an illustration, the area of ​​the Everglades is now only half, if compared to 1900. Worse, now only less than 100 species of Tigers Florida Everglades. It is not possible, a large black cat population will be gone within the next 40 years if not preserved.

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The Congo Basin - Forest

Congo Basin rainforest is the world's second largest after the Amazon which accounted for 40% of oxygen contribute to the world. Forests exist in the western part of Africa is also a source of food, medicines and minerals.

A very wide area hosts a wealth of biodiversity, including more than 10,000 plant species, 1,000 bird species and 400 mammal species, and three of the four species of great ape world. It is also home to more than 24 million people, many who depend on forests for their livelihoods. Congo basin forests are not only plays an important role for the conservation of global biodiversity, they also provide vital ecological services of regional and global carbon sequestration and the catch basin.

Although much remains intact forest areas, forest ecosystems continue to be at risk areas of a complex set of threats that calls for joint global action: unsustainable timber and mineral extraction, bush meat trade in the market for commercial and residential urban forestry, land clearing for agriculture, and weak governance.

And the UN also reported that about 2 / 3 of forest area and its vegetation and wildlife in it, will disappear by 2040, except for protection of human action. Covering an area of ​​10 million hectares of forest each year diminished because of illegal logging, the expansion of mining land and built farms. Not only are forests that are threatened with extinction, but also endangered animals like mountain gorillas, forest elephants, chimpanzees and the Okapi (mammal-like giraffe and zebra).

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